Clinical Trials Results
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This phase II trial studies how well cabozantinib works in combination with nivolumab and
ipilimumab in treating patients with rare genitourinary (GU) tumors that have spread to other
places in the body. Cabozantinib may stop the growth of tumor cells by blocking some of the
enzymes needed for cell growth. Immunotherapy with monoclonal antibodies, such as nivolumab
and ipilimumab, may help the body's immune system attack the cancer, and may interfere with
the ability of tumor cells to grow and spread. Giving cabozantinib, nivolumab, and ipilimumab
may work better in treating patients with genitourinary tumors that have no treatment options
compared to giving cabozantinib, nivolumab, or ipilimumab alone.
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This phase III trial compares the usual treatment (treatment with ipilimumab and nivolumab
followed by nivolumab alone) to treatment with ipilimumab and nivolumab, followed by
nivolumab with cabozantinib in patients with untreated renal cell carcinoma that has spread
to other parts of the body. The addition of cabozantinib to the usual treatment may make it
work better. Immunotherapy with monoclonal antibodies, such as nivolumab and ipilimumab, may
help the body's immune system attack the cancer, and may interfere with the ability of tumor
cells to grow and spread. Cabozantinib may stop the growth of tumor cells by blocking some of
the enzymes needed for cell growth. It is not yet known how well the combination of
cabozantinib and nivolumab after initial treatment with ipilimumab and nivolumab works in
treating patients with renal cell cancer that has spread to other parts of the body.
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This phase II trial studies whether adding radium-223 dichloride to the usual treatment,
cabozantinib, improves outcome in patients with renal cell cancer that has spread to the
bone. Radioactive drugs such as radium-223 dichloride may directly target radiation to cancer
cells and minimize harm to normal cells. Cabozantinib may stop the growth of cancer cells by
blocking some of the enzymes needed for cell growth. Giving radium-223 dichloride and
cabozantinib may help lessen the pain and symptoms from renal cell cancer that has spread to
the bone, compared to cabozantinib alone.
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This phase II trial studies how well gemcitabine together with pembrolizumab works in
treating patients with non-muscle invasive bladder cancer who are unresponsive to the BCG
vaccine. Drugs used in chemotherapy, such as gemcitabine, work in different ways to stop the
growth of tumor cells, either by killing the cells, by stopping them from dividing, or by
stopping them from spreading. Immunotherapy with monoclonal antibodies, such as
pembrolizumab, may help the body's immune system attack the cancer, and may interfere with
the ability of tumor cells to grow and spread. Adding pembrolizumab to gemcitabine may delay
the return of bladder cancer for longer than gemcitabine alone.
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This randomized, placebo-controlled phase III trial is evaluating the benefit of rucaparib
and enzalutamide combination therapy versus enzalutamide alone for the treatment of men with
prostate cancer that has spread to other places in the body (metastatic) and has become
resistant to testosterone-deprivation therapy (castration-resistant). Enzalutamide helps
fight prostate cancer by blocking the use of testosterone by the tumor cells for growth. Poly
adenosine diphosphate (ADP)-ribose polymerase (PARP) inhibitors, such as rucaparib, fight
prostate cancer by prevent tumor cells from repairing their DNA. Giving enzalutamide and
rucaparib may make patients live longer or prevent their cancer from growing or spreading for
a longer time, or both. It may also help doctors learn if a mutation in any of the homologous
recombination DNA repair genes is helpful to decide which treatment is best for the patient.
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This phase III trial compares the effect of adding cabozantinib to avelumab versus avelumab
alone in treating patients with urothelial cancer that has spread to other places in the body
(metastatic). Cabozantinib may stop the growth of tumor cells by blocking some of the enzymes
needed for cell growth. Immunotherapy with monoclonal antibodies, such as avelumab, may help
the body's immune system attack the cancer, and may interfere with the ability of tumor cells
to grow and spread. Giving cabozantinib and avelumab together may further shrink the cancer
or prevent it from returning/progressing.
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This phase II trial compares the effect of adding radiation therapy to an immunotherapy drug
called atezolizumab vs. atezolizumab alone in treating patients with urothelial cancer that
has spread to other places in the body (metastatic). The addition of radiation to
immunotherapy may shrink the cancer, but it could also cause side effects. Immunotherapy with
monoclonal antibodies such as atezolizumab, may help the body's immune system attack the
cancer, and may interfere with the ability of tumor cells to grow and spread. Stereotactic
body radiation therapy (SBRT) is a type of radiation therapy that uses high energy x-rays to
kill tumor cells and shrink tumors. This method uses special equipment to position a patient
and precisely deliver radiation to tumors with high precision. This method may kill tumor
cells with fewer doses over a shorter period and may cause less damage to normal tissue than
conventional radiation therapy. The combination of atezolizumab and radiation therapy may be
more efficient in killing tumor cells.
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This phase II trial examines antiandrogen therapy interruptions in patients with
hormone-sensitive prostate cancer that has spread to other places in the body (metastatic)
responding exceptionally well to androgen receptor-pathway inhibitor therapy. The usual
treatment for patients with metastatic prostate cancer is to receive hormonal medications
including a medication to decrease testosterone levels in the body and a potent oral hormonal
medication to block growth signals from male hormones (like testosterone) in the cancer
cells. Patients whose cancer is responding exceptionally well to this therapy may take a
break from these medications according to their doctor's guidance. This trial may help
doctors determine if stopping treatment can allow for testosterone recovery.
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This phase II/III trial compares the effect of adding chemotherapy before and after surgery
versus after surgery alone (usual treatment) in treating patients with stage II-III
gallbladder cancer. Chemotherapy drugs, such as gemcitabine and cisplatin, work in different
ways to stop the growth of tumor cells, either by killing the cells, by stopping them from
dividing, or by stopping them from spreading. Giving chemotherapy before surgery may make the
tumor smaller; therefore, may reduce the extent of surgery. Additionally, it may make it
easier for the surgeon to distinguish between normal and cancerous tissue. Giving
chemotherapy after surgery may kill any remaining tumor cells. This study will determine
whether giving chemotherapy before surgery increases the length of time before the cancer may
return and whether it will increase a patient's life span compared to the usual approach.
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This phase II trial investigates the effect of nivolumab and ipilimumab when given together
with short-course radiation therapy in treating patients with rectal cancer that has spread
to other places in the body (advanced). Immunotherapy with monoclonal antibodies, such as
nivolumab and ipilimumab, may help the body's immune system attack the cancer, and may
interfere with the ability of tumor cells to grow and spread. Radiation therapy uses high
energy x-rays to kill tumor cells and shrink tumors. Giving nivolumab, ipilimumab, and
radiation therapy may kill more cancer cells.
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This phase III trial compares the effect of adding darolutamide to ADT versus ADT alone after
surgery for the treatment of high-risk prostate cancer. ADT reduces testosterone levels in
the blood. Testosterone is a hormone made mainly in the testes and is needed to develop and
maintain male sex characteristics, such as facial hair, deep voice, and muscle growth. It
also plays role in prostate cancer development. Darolutamide blocks the actions of the
androgens (e.g. testosterone) in the tumor cells and in the body. Giving darolutamide with
ADT may work better in eliminating or reducing the size of the cancer and/or prevent it from
returning compared to ADT alone in patients with prostate cancer.
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This phase II trial studies how well green tea catechins work in preventing progression of
prostate cancer from a low risk stage to higher risk stages in men who are on active
surveillance. Green tea catechins may stabilize prostate cancer and lower the chance of
prostate growing.
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This phase II trial studies the benefit of adding an immunotherapy drug called MEDI4736
(durvalumab) to standard chemotherapy and radiation therapy in treating bladder cancer which
has spread to the lymph nodes. Drugs used in standard chemotherapy work in different ways to
stop the growth of tumor cells, either by killing the cells, by stopping them from dividing,
or by stopping them from spreading. Radiation therapy uses high-energy x-rays to kill tumor
cells and shrink tumors. Immunotherapy with durvalumab may help the body's immune system
attack the cancer and may interfere with the ability of tumor cells to grow and spread.
Giving chemotherapy and radiation therapy with the addition of durvalumab may work better in
helping tumors respond to treatment compared to chemotherapy and radiation therapy alone.
Patients with limited regional lymph node involvement may benefit from attempt at bladder
preservation, and use of immunotherapy and systemic chemotherapy.
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This phase III trial compares the effect of adding durvalumab to chemotherapy versus
chemotherapy alone before surgery in treating patients with upper urinary tract cancer.
Immunotherapy with monoclonal antibodies, such as durvalumab, may help the body's immune
system attack the cancer, and may interfere with the ability of tumor cells to grow and
spread. Chemotherapy drugs, such as methotrexate, vinblastine, doxorubicin, cisplatin, and
gemcitabine work in different ways to stop the growth of tumor cells, either by killing the
cells, by stopping them from dividing, or by stopping them from spreading. Durvalumab in
combination with chemotherapy before surgery may enhance the shrinking of the tumor compared
to chemotherapy alone.
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This phase II trial studies the side effects and best dose of niraparib, and to see how well
it works in combination with standard of care radiation therapy and hormonal therapy
(androgen deprivation therapy) in treating patients with prostate cancer that has a high
chance of coming back (high risk). Niraparib may stop the growth of tumor cells by blocking
some of the enzymes needed for cell growth. Adding niraparib to the usual treatments of
radiation therapy and hormonal therapy may lower the chance of prostate cancer growing or
returning.
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This phase III trial studies how well adding apalutamide, abiraterone acetate, and prednisone
to the usual hormone therapy and radiation therapy works compared to the usual hormone
therapy and radiation therapy in treating patients with node-positive prostate cancer after
surgery. Radiation therapy uses high energy x-ray to kill tumor cells and shrink tumors.
Androgens, or male sex hormones, can cause the growth of prostate cancer cells. Drugs, such
as apalutamide, may help stop or slow the growth of prostate cancer cell growth by blocking
the androgens. Abiraterone acetate blocks some of the enzymes needed for androgen production
and may cause the death of prostate cancer cells that need androgens to grow. Prednisone may
help abiraterone acetate work better by making tumor cells more sensitive to the drug. Adding
apalutamide and abiraterone acetate with prednisone to the usual usual hormone therapy and
radiation therapy after surgery may stabilize prostate cancer and prevent it from spreading
or extend time without disease spreading compared to the usual approach.
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This phase III trial compares less intense hormone therapy and radiation therapy to usual
hormone therapy and radiation therapy in treating patients with high risk prostate cancer and
low gene risk score. This trial also compares more intense hormone therapy and radiation
therapy to usual hormone therapy and radiation therapy in patients with high risk prostate
cancer and high gene risk score. Apalutamide may help fight prostate cancer by blocking the
use of androgen by the tumor cells. Radiation therapy uses high energy rays to kill tumor
cells and shrink tumors. Giving a shorter hormone therapy treatment may work the same at
controlling prostate cancer compared to the usual 24 month hormone therapy treatment in
patients with low gene risk score. Adding apalutamide to the usual treatment may increase the
length of time without prostate cancer spreading as compared to the usual treatment in
patients with high gene risk score.
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This phase III trial uses the Decipher risk score to guide intensification (for higher
Decipher gene risk) or de-intensification (for low Decipher gene risk) of treatment to better
match therapies to an individual patient's cancer aggressiveness. The Decipher risk score
evaluates a prostate cancer tumor for its potential for spreading. In patients with low risk
scores, this trial compares radiation therapy alone to the usual treatment of radiation
therapy and hormone therapy (androgen deprivation therapy). Radiation therapy uses high
energy x-rays or particles to kill tumor cells and shrink tumors. Androgen deprivation
therapy blocks the production or interferes with the action of male sex hormones such as
testosterone, which plays a role in prostate cancer development. Giving radiation treatment
alone may be the same as the usual approach in controlling the cancer and preventing it from
spreading, while avoiding the side effects associated with hormonal therapy. In patients with
higher Decipher gene risk, this trial compares the addition of darolutamide to usual
treatment radiation therapy and hormone therapy, to usual treatment. Darolutamide blocks the
actions of the androgens (e.g. testosterone) in the tumor cells and in the body. The addition
of darolutamide to the usual treatment may better control the cancer and prevent it from
spreading.
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This phase II trial tests whether relugolix and radiation therapy works to shrink tumors in
patients with prostate cancer that has spread in a limited way to 1 to 5 other parts of the
body (oligometastatic). Testosterone can cause the growth of prostate cancer cells. Relugolix
lowers the amount of testosterone made by the body. This may help stop the growth of tumor
cells that need testosterone to grow. Giving relugolix with radiation therapy may help lower
the chance of prostate cancer growing or spreading.
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This phase II trial tests whether the addition of radiation to the primary tumor, typically
given with stereotactic ablative radiation therapy (SABR), in combination with standard of
care immunotherapy improves outcomes in patients with renal cell cancer that is not
recommended for surgery and has spread to other places in the body (metastatic). Radiation
therapy uses high energy photons to kill tumor cells and shrink tumors. Stereotactic body
radiation therapy uses special equipment to position a patient and deliver radiation to
tumors with high precision. This method may kill tumor cells with fewer doses of radiation
over a shorter period and cause less damage to normal tissue. Immunotherapy with monoclonal
antibodies, such as nivolumab, ipilimumab, avelumab, and pembrolizumab, may help the body's
immune system attack the cancer, and may interfere with the ability of tumor cells to grow
and spread. Axitinib, cabozantinib, and lenvatinib are in a class of medications called
antiangiogenic agents. They work by stopping the formation of blood vessels that bring oxygen
and nutrients to tumor. This may slow the growth and spread of tumor. Giving SABR in
combination with standard of care immunotherapy may help shrink or stabilize the cancer in
patients with renal cell cancer.
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This phase III trial studies how well nutrition therapy works in improving immune system in
patients with bladder cancer that can be removed by surgery. Improving nutrition before and
after surgery may reduce the infections and other problems that sometimes occur after
surgery.
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This phase III trial studies how well standard systemic therapy with or without definitive
treatment (prostate removal surgery or radiation therapy) works in treating participants with
prostate cancer that has spread to other places in the body. Addition of prostate removal
surgery or radiation therapy to standard systemic therapy for prostate cancer may lower the
chance of the cancer growing or spreading.
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This phase III trial studies how well chemotherapy and radiation therapy work with or without
atezolizumab in treating patients with localized muscle invasive bladder cancer. Radiation
therapy uses high energy rays to kill tumor cells and shrink tumors. Chemotherapy drugs, such
as gemcitabine, cisplatin, fluorouracil and mitomycin-C, work in different ways to stop the
growth of cancer cells, either by killing the cells, by stopping them from dividing, or by
stopping them from spreading. Giving chemotherapy with radiation therapy may kill more tumor
cells. Immunotherapy with monoclonal antibodies, such as atezolizumab, may help the body's
immune system attack the cancer, and may interfere with the ability of tumor cells to grow
and spread. Giving atezolizumab with radiation therapy and chemotherapy may work better in
treating patients with localized muscle invasive bladder cancer compared to radiation therapy
and chemotherapy without atezolizumab.
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This phase III trial compares the effect of adding surgery to a standard of care
immunotherapy-based drug combination versus a standard of care immunotherapy-based drug
combination alone in treating patients with kidney cancer that has spread to other places in
the body (metastatic). Immunotherapy with monoclonal antibodies, such as nivolumab,
ipilimumab, pembrolizumab, and avelumab, may help the body's immune system attack the cancer,
and may interfere with the ability of tumor cells to grow and spread. Axitinib may stop the
growth of tumor cells by blocking some of the enzymes needed for cell growth. Surgery to
remove the kidney, called a nephrectomy, is also considered standard of care; however,
doctors who treat kidney cancer do not agree on its benefits. It is not yet known if the
addition of surgery to an immunotherapy-based drug combination works better than an
immunotherapy-based drug combination alone in treating patients with kidney cancer.
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This phase II trial studies the effect of avelumab, gemcitabine and carboplatin before
surgery compared with surgery alone in treating patients with muscle invasive bladder or
upper urinary tract cancer who are not able to receive cisplatin therapy. Immunotherapy with
monoclonal antibodies, such as avelumab, may help the body's immune system attack the cancer,
and may interfere with the ability of tumor cells to grow and spread. Chemotherapy drugs,
such as gemcitabine and carboplatin, work in different ways to stop the growth of tumor
cells, either by killing the cells, by stopping them from dividing, or by stopping them from
spreading. Giving avelumab together with gemcitabine and carboplatin before surgery may work
better in lowering the chance of muscle invasive urinary tract cancer growing or spreading,
in patients who cannot receive cisplatin therapy compared to surgery alone.
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This phase II trial tests whether cabozantinib with or without atezolizumab works to shrink
tumors in patients with papillary kidney cancer that has spread to other places in the body
(metastatic). Cabozantinib may stop the growth of tumor cells by blocking some of the enzymes
needed for cell growth. Immunotherapy with monoclonal antibodies, such as atezolizumab, may
help the body's immune system attack the cancer, and may interfere with the ability of tumor
cells to grow and spread. Giving cabozantinib with atezolizumab may prevent papillary kidney
cancer from growing or spreading compared to cabozantinib alone.
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