Clinical Trials Results
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This phase II trial studies how well vemurafenib and cobimetinib work in treating patients
with BRAF V600E mutation positive craniopharyngioma. Vemurafenib and cobimetinib may stop the
growth of tumor cells by blocking some of the enzymes needed for cell growth.
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This phase II trial studies how well genetic testing works in guiding treatment for patients
with solid tumors that have spread to the brain. Several genes have been found to be altered
or mutated in brain metastases such as NTRK, ROS1, CDK or PI3K. Medications that target these
genes such as abemaciclib, GDC-0084, and entrectinib may stop the growth of tumor cells by
blocking some of the enzymes needed for cell growth. Genetic testing may help doctors tailor
treatment for each mutation.
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This phase II trial studies the effect of immunotherapy drugs (ipilimumab and nivolumab) in
treating patients with glioblastoma that has come back (recurrent) and carries a high number
of mutations. Cancer is caused by changes (mutations) to genes that control the way cells
function. Tumors with high number of mutations may respond well to immunotherapy.
Immunotherapy with monoclonal antibodies such as ipilimumab and nivolumab may help the body's
immune system attack the cancer and may interfere with the ability of tumor cells to grow and
spread. Giving ipilimumab and nivolumab may lower the chance of recurrent glioblastoma with
high number of mutations from growing or spreading compared to usual care (surgery or
chemotherapy).
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Stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) is a commonly used treatment for brain tumors. It is a
one-day (or in some cases two day), out-patient procedure during which a high dose of
radiation is delivered to small spots in the brain while excluding the surrounding normal
brain.
Whole brain radiation therapy with hippocampal avoidance (HA-WBRT) is when radiation therapy
is given to the whole brain, while trying to decrease the amount of radiation that is
delivered to the area of the hippocampus. The hippocampus is a brain structure that is
important for memory. Memantine is a drug that is given to help relieve symptoms that can be
caused by WBRT, including problems with memory and other mental symptoms.
Health Canada, the regulatory body that oversees the use of drugs in Canada, has not approved
the sale or use of memantine in combination with WBRT to treat this kind of cancer, although
they have allowed its use in this study.
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This phase II trial studies how well dynamic susceptibility contrast-enhanced magnetic
resonance imaging (DSC-MRI) works in measuring relative cerebral blood volume (rCBV) for
early response to bevacizumab in patients with glioblastoma that has come back. DSC-MRI may
help evaluate changes in the blood vessels within the cancer to determine a patient?s
response to treatment.
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This phase III trial compares the effect of adding lomustine to temozolomide and radiation
therapy versus temozolomide and radiation therapy alone in shrinking or stabilizing newly
diagnosed MGMT methylated glioblastoma. Chemotherapy drugs, such as lomustine and
temozolomide, work in different ways to stop the growth of tumor cells, either by killing the
cells, by stopping them from dividing, or by stopping them from spreading. Radiation therapy
uses high energy photons to kill tumor cells and shrink tumors. Adding lomustine to usual
treatment of temozolomide and radiation therapy may help shrink and stabilize glioblastoma.
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This phase III trial compares the addition of stereotactic radiosurgery before or after
surgery in treating patients with cancer that has spread to the brain (brain metastases).
Stereotactic radiosurgery is a type of radiation therapy that delivers a high dose of
radiation only to the small areas of cancer in the brain and avoids the surrounding normal
brain tissue. Surgery and radiation may stop the tumor from growing for a few months or
longer and may reduce symptoms of brain metastases.
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This study is to determine if an oral drug called Ramipril can lower the chance of memory
loss in patients with glioblastoma getting chemoradiation. Patients will take Ramipril during
chemoradiation and continue until 4 months post-treatment. Memory loss will be assessed using
several neurocognitive tests throughout the duration of the study.
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This study is designed to see if we can lower the chance of side effects from radiation in
patients with breast, kidney, non-small cell lung cancer or melanoma that has spread to the
brain and who are also being treated with immunotherapy, specifically immune checkpoint
inhibitor (ICI) therapy. This study will compare the usual care treatment of single fraction
stereotactic radiosurgery (SSRS) given on one day versus fractionated stereotactic
radiosurgery (FSRS), which is a lower dose of radiation given over a few days to determine if
FSRS is better or worse at reducing side effects than usual care treatment.
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